Preheat Oven: Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.

Make the Cookie Dough: In a large bowl, beat together the softened butter, brown sugar, and white sugar until light and fluffy. Add the eggs and vanilla extract, mixing until well combined.

Add Dry Ingredients: In a separate bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, and salt. Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, mixing until just combined.

Make the Cheesecake Filling: In a small bowl, beat together the cream cheese, powdered sugar, and vanilla extract until smooth and creamy.

Assemble the Cookies: Scoop out tablespoon-sized portions of cookie dough and roll them into balls. Flatten each ball slightly with your hands, then make a small indentation in the center of each cookie with your thumb.

Add Cheesecake Filling: Spoon a small amount of the cheesecake filling into the indentation of each cookie.

Bake: Place the cookies on the prepared baking sheet and bake for 10-12 minutes, or until the edges are golden.

Add Caramel Topping: Once the cookies have cooled slightly, drizzle with caramel sauce and sprinkle a pinch of sea salt on top of each cookie.

Serve & Enjoy: Let the cookies cool completely before serving, and enjoy the rich, sweet flavor!